Finite-element method (FEM)

Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation is a numerical technique used to predict how complex structures respond to forces, impacts, and deformations. It divides a structure into small elements and calculates stress, strain, and energy absorption across those elements under defined loading conditions.

In eVTOL development, FEM is a critical tool for analyzing the crashworthiness of structural components. It is used to evaluate how materials like carbon fiber composites, aluminum frames, or energy-absorbing honeycomb panels behave during an accident. FEM simulations provide insights into structural collapse modes, force propagation, and the effectiveness of crash zones.

By virtually testing different design variants, engineers can fine-tune geometries, thicknesses, and material combinations to maximize passenger protection while meeting weight and production constraints.